Conjunctivitis (or pink eye) occurs when the conjunctiva – the clear tissue covering the white part of the eye and the inner eyelids – becomes inflamed due to infection, allergies, or irritants. Causes range from viral and bacterial infections to allergens like pollen, chemicals, or contact lens products. Early assessment is important to prevent complications and stop the spread if it’s contagious.
Symptoms
- Redness in one or both eyes
- Itchy, gritty, or burning sensation
- Excessive tearing or watery eyes
- Discharge that may crust overnight
- Sensitivity to light
- Blurred vision (less common)
Diagnosis
A specialist will examine your eyes and review your symptoms to determine the type of conjunctivitis. In cases of suspected infection, a swab of eye discharge may be taken to identify bacterial or viral causes for more accurate treatment.
Treatment options
Good Hygiene & Irritant Avoidance
Clean the eyes gently and avoid irritants. Allergic conjunctivitis often improves with allergen removal and lubricating drops.
Bacterial Conjunctivitis
Treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointment to clear the infection and speed recovery.
Viral Conjunctivitis
Often resolves on its own within 1–2 weeks. Supportive care includes artificial tears, cool compresses, and rest.
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Managed with antihistamine or mast-cell stabiliser drops; severe cases may require short-term steroid drops under medical supervision.
Do’s and don’ts
Do
- Wash your hands frequently
- Use clean tissues or cotton pads to wipe any discharge
- Replace pillowcases, towels, and face cloths often
- Follow your specialist’s instructions for prescribed medications
Don't
- Rub your eyes, as this can worsen irritation or spread infection
- Share towels, cosmetics, or eye drops with others
- Wear contact lenses until your eye care professional says it’s safe
- Ignore persistent or worsening symptoms — seek prompt medical advice
