The temporal arteries—located near the temples—supply blood to the eyes, head, and brain. In temporal arteritis, an abnormal immune response causes inflammation of these arteries. Symptoms often include gradual or sudden vision changes, drooping eyelids, persistent headaches, jaw pain when chewing, appetite loss, weight loss, and flu-like feelings. This condition rarely affects individuals under 50.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis begins with a clinical assessment of the head and eyes, complemented by blood tests. A definite diagnosis requires a temporal artery biopsy, where a small artery sample is examined. Early detection is critical for effective treatment.
Treatment options
Treatment aims to prevent further damage since the condition itself cannot be reversed. High-dose corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive medications are initiated immediately and may be required for one to two years—or longer. Because of potential side effects on bones, blood sugar, blood pressure, and weight, coordinated care between your ophthalmologist and GP or physician is essential for safe, ongoing management.
