Uveitis refers to inflammation of the uveal layer, the vascular middle layer of the eye between the retina and the sclera. Iritis is the most common form, affecting the iris. Causes may include eye or systemic infections (such as herpes, syphilis, or tuberculosis), autoimmune disorders (like rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn’s disease, or ulcerative colitis), or eye injuries. Symptoms can develop suddenly or gradually and may affect one or both eyes. Without timely treatment, uveitis may lead to cataract formation, elevated intraocular pressure, retinal detachment, fluid accumulation, or permanent vision loss.
Diagnosis
Your ophthalmologist will examine your eyes in detail and consider your medical history to determine the underlying cause of inflammation. Further evaluation may involve assessing your full health profile to rule out systemic causes.
Treatment options
- Corticosteroid Eye Drops to reduce inflammation and relieve pain.
- Antibiotic or Antiviral Drops if infection is the cause, used alongside steroids.
- Immunosuppressive Medications for severe inflammation that does not respond to conventional treatment.
- Vitrectomy Surgery may be prescribed when inflammation persists or to remove scar tissue. This also helps with diagnosis by allowing fluid sampling from inside the eye.
Mild cases often resolve within a few weeks with appropriate treatment. However, recurrence is common, so any return of symptoms should prompt immediate consultation.
